Fifty Shades of Grey

When literature student Anastasia Steele goes to interview young entrepreneur Christian Grey, she encounters a man who is beautiful, brilliant, and intimidating. The unworldly, innocent Ana is startled to realize she wants this man and, despite his enigmatic reserve, finds she is desperate to get close to him. Unable to resist Ana’s quiet beauty, wit, and independent spirit, Grey admits he wants her, too—but on his own terms.



Shocked yet thrilled by Grey’s singular erotic tastes, Ana hesitates. For all the trappings of success—his multinational businesses, his vast wealth, his loving family—Grey is a man tormented by demons and consumed by the need to control. When the couple embarks on a daring, passionately physical affair, Ana discovers Christian Grey’s secrets and explores her own dark desires.

Erotic, amusing, and deeply moving, the Fifty Shades Trilogy is a tale that will obsess you, possess you, and stay with you forever.

This book is intended for mature audiences.

HP Folio Ultrabook

Count on the ultra-portable HP Folio 13-1020us, an Ultrabook with HP CoolSense technology and integrated Bluetooth.^® You can also chat, record short videos and take still photos in dimly lit environments using the HP TrueVision HD webcam and microphone. This laptop also has a full-size backlit keyboard that makes it easy to find the right keys, even in the dark.

IDEAL FOR

Ultra portability and comfort. Count on the slim HP Folio 13-1020us Ultrabook for high performance without the heavy weight. Transfer photos from memory cards directly to your notebook PC and save them on the solid-state hard drive designed for mobility. With Bluetooth,^® Wi-Fi and Dolby Advanced Audio, this stylish laptop helps you boost productivity and have fun on the go.

THIS PRODUCT HAS

HP COOLSENSE TECHNOLOGY

Stay more comfortable as heat is directed away from your lap

SPECIFICATIONS

Processor 2nd generation Intel® Core™ i5-2467M Processor 1.60GHz with Turbo Boost Technology up to 2.30GHz Operating System Genuine Windows® 7 Home Premium (64-bit) Display 13.3-inch diagonal HD BrightView LED-backlit display (1366 x 768) Memory (RAM) 4GB DDR3 Hard Drive 128GB solid-state drive flash module Weight & Dimensions (w x d x h) 3.30 lbs; 12.54" x 8.67" x 0.7" Battery Life Up to 9 hours Wireless 802.11b/g/n WLAN and Bluetooth® Video Graphics Intel HD Graphics 3000 with up to 1696MB total graphics memory Finish Brushed aluminum in steel gray

Enlarge Enlarge Enlarge

FEATURES

Built-in Webcam Video chat in low-light environments using your HP Folio 13-1020us Digital Media Reader Transfer photos from a digital camera to your laptop PC without using cables Bluetooth® Save time with wireless synching and printing INCLUDED

EXCLUSIVE HP SOFTWARE

HP QuickWeb Access your favorite websites fast

ACCESSORIES

HP Notebook 90W Slim Adapter Keep this compact adapter in your laptop bag so you’re always ready to power up. Plus, use the integrated USB port to charge your smartphone or MP3 player at the same time.

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HP 2.4GHz Wireless Optical Mobile Mouse - Gray Click and scroll from farther away using this mouse with one AA battery. You can also program two of the buttons to open applications, control volume, zoom and more.

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HP Notebook Sleeve (14" Stream pattern) Hold onto your laptop using this stylish sleeve, which has a convenient retractable handle. With durable neoprene on the outside and faux fur inside, carry your laptop safely on the go.

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HP 2.0 Compact Speakers Enjoy crisp, clear sound on the go with speakers that fit in the palm of your hand. Simply connect these to an available USB port and audio port on your laptop.

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HP Wireless TV Connect Wirelessly stream music, photos and videos from your laptop to an HD TV, external monitor or projector with an HDMI port. It’s simple without using audio/video cables or software.

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Computer Hardware Maintenance Tips

Computer Hardware Maintenance Tips

Computer Tips #1: Clear Vents

Hot computers die quickly. You probably know from elementary school science class that most materials expand when they get hot. There are various ways to stop a computer from overheating. Computers are built to exacting measurements—your computer processor has parts that are measured in nanometers and other parts of the computer just as precisely built, so when your computer gets too hot, and things expand too much, your computer is likely to die.
The part of your computer that usually dies first is your hard drive. Inside your hard drive are tiny ball bearings that rotate thousands of times a minute in tiny tracks. When they expand from heat, they rub against their tracks and quickly wear down. Once a disk drive ball bearing wears down, there’s no replacing it—your disk drive is toast. You should also watch for dust build up in your power supply.

The easiest way to keep your computer cool is to make sure its vents are clear. First, check to see if anything is obstructing the vents—too often I find computers that are pushed all the ways back against a wall so that their vents are blocked. Second, check the vents for dust and clean them if necessary. Computer vents are usually large, so you only need to check for dust every year or two (more often if you smoke near your computer).

Computer Hardware Maintenance Tips #2: Clean Inside

The same advice that goes for cleaning vents applies to the inside of your computer too. I know opening a computer case is a pain—but if you don’t clear out the dust that accumulates under the computer processor and optional graphics card processor fans, these two vital components will eventually over heat. Replacing either will cost about $200, while cleaning them every year will cost you only a little time plus a $3 can of compressed air.
To clean inside your computer, turn off the computer and unplug its power cord, then open its computer case and use the compressed air to blow away any dust. Make sure you cover your eyes, and try not to inhale until the dust settles. If you’re really serious, use swimming goggles and a face mask.

Computer Tips #3: Store In Static Guard Bags

Computer electronics use almost imperceptibly small wires, many of them on printed circuit boards. Because they’re so small, these wires are very susceptible to electric shocks—like the static electric shock you sometimes feel when you touch a metal doorknob in winter.
Even a tiny electric shock can damage one of these wires and ruin the entire electronic device. Happily, you can easily protect against most static electric shocks by storing your electronics in a special bag. The bag has wires traveling through it, making it into what electrical scientists call a Faraday cage. (Many science museums have a great demonstration of a human-sized Faraday cage where the demonstrator stands inside a cage which deflects bolts of lighting right in front of the audience.)
All store bought electronics that go inside your computer come inside these bags. I usually save them for when I need them, but you can also buy static-proof bags for cheap on Amazon.

Computer Tips #4: Avoid Moisture

Everybody knows that water and electricity don’t mix, yet even I sometimes forget how sneaky water really is. When water gets in your computer, it can cause two wires to short out—to send their electricity across a path the designers didn’t intend—which will temporarily disable your computer. If the short lasts long enough, it can create enough heat to melt one or more of the tiny wires in your computer, breaking that component forever.
If it were possible, I’d suggest you only used your computer in a climate-controlled room with a no-beverages sign on the door, but here are some realistic ways you can avoid moisture damage:

• Keep your computer away from windows that open. Although rain falling in through the window is one threat, I once ruined a laptop by leaving it by an open window on a foggy morning.
• Be extra careful with drinks and laptops. With full-sized computers, you’re only likely to ruin the keyboard when your drink spills; with laptops, you’re likely to ruin the whole computer.
• Unplug the power and (for laptops) remove the battery of any computer that might get wet. It’s ok for electronics to get wet if there’s no electricity traveling through them. (When I go camping, I always store my netbook and its battery in separate zip-lock bags.)
• Don’t leave computers outdoors. I know this sounds obvious, but it’s too easy to go inside to fix a drink, get distracted, and forget about your laptop—until it starts raining.

Computer Hardware Maintenance Tips #5: Unplug During Storms

Did you know that before radio was invented, some people used to send wireless messages by creating giant sparks? If you create a giant spark, which scientists call an electromagnetic pulse, it makes conductive metal spark in other places up to several miles away.
The problem with electromagnetic pulses is that long wires—like the wires in your house—can catch a lot of energy, creating a really big spark, and the surge of electricity from that spark can easily fry your computer.
The good news is that it’s illegal, for just that reason, to create electromagnetic pulses in most places. The bad news is that nature has her own electromagnetic pulse generator—lightning. A lightning bolt doesn’t need to hit your house to create a power surge—it doesn’t even need to be close.
Unplugging your computer from the wall is the best way to help prevent a lighting strike from destroying your computer.

Computer Tips #6: Use A Surge Protector

Even if you always follow the above advice about unplugging your computer during a storm, you still need to worry about power surges frying your computer.

Power surges can happen for many reasons, including bad wiring, transformer explosions, squirrels or possums eating through power lines, and problems with other large electrical appliances in your house. You also have to worry about thunderstorms that happen when you aren’t home to unplug your computer.
To protect against unexpected power problems, buy a surge protector. Some of them even come with guarantees to replace hundreds of thousands of dollars of computer equipment if an electrical surge gets past the surge protector. This is an important part of computer hardware maintenance.

Computer Tips #7: Prepare For Failure

Some times the best computer hardware maintenance is preparing for failure. All of the expensive tools you use, from your car to your computer to your cell phone, will fail eventually, so you should start preparing to replace them—especially since they’ll probably fail at the least convenient time.
For computer hardware, the device most likely to fail is your disk drive. We’ve told you in other articles at Tips4PC how to make good backups, and I suggest you read one of those articles if you don’t have backups set up yet.
I used to keep a spare disk drive handy in case on of my disks failed, but with the rapidly dropping cost of hard disk drives, I think it’s better to accept the inconvenience of driving out to buy a new one every few years.
After your disk drive, the following devices are most likely to fail. You either want to have a spare handy or at least the money available to buy a replacement:

• Printer (they tend to stop printing correctly, rather than break entirely. It usually isn’t worth fixing a cheap printer.)
• Graphics card
• Computer power supply (often starts making noises a few weeks before dying)
• Power button (if you’re careful, you can hot-wire most computers to use your computer until you buy a new button)

Computer Tips #8: Turn Off Unused Devices

In theory, hardware with no moving parts should last forever, and it sure looks like most electronic devices don’t have any moving parts—but what you can’t see are the electrons moving down the wires at 60% or more the speed of light.
In some places, the electrons need to cross a small gap. In these places, the electrons will sometimes pick up a tiny bit of metal from one side of the gap and deposit it on the other side of the gap. As time goes on, there is less and less metal at the starting side of the gap, until there is too little metal for the electrons to use—at that point your device just stops working. (You may get flickering for a few weeks beforehand.)
Some electricity needs to travel through electronics for as long as they are turned on, and the longer they are turned on, the sooner they will fail. You can add years of use to a device’s life just by turning it off when you aren’t using it.

Computer Tips #9: Don’t Wait To Fix It

Computer hardware maintenance means taking small steps to prevent big problems later. Nowhere in computer maintenance is this more evident than when it comes to fixing small problems before they blossom into unfixable problems later.
For example, is your computer making a weird sound? A lot of the time when I get called in to fix a totally broken computer, I later discover the computer was making weird sounds for weeks before. If they had called me earlier, I could’ve pinpointed the problem by just listening to the computer, ordered the replacement part, and made the switch in about 5 minutes of downtime. But when I get called into to fix dead computers, it usually takes several days to identify the problem and replace the broken part.
Any inconstancy in your computer devices should be investigated. If your USB flash drive doesn’t always work, or your DVD burner sometimes burns bad disks, or your computer monitor flickers occasionally—these are all problems you should investigate with a quick search on Google.
If you can’t find an answer on Google, at least write down a comprehensive description of the problem, date it, and save it for any repair technician you later call. Knowing where and when the problem started can save hours of troubleshooting because to understand computer repairs can be difficult.

Computer Tips #10: Don’t Wear Down Connectors

Doesn’t it amaze you sometimes how so many things these days are covered in gold? Gold is $1,500 an ounce right now, but there’s gold on even the cheapest USB connectors—take a look at the connectors on your desk right now if you don’t believe me.
How is that possible? Simple, the gold on those connectors is only 1,000th of a centimeter thick. It’s 100 times thinner than a human hair. (It’s also not pure gold.)
The problem with something that thin is that its easy to wear away. Every time you insert or remove a cord or device, a little bit of that gold plating gets worn off. Tight connections wear down faster than lose connections. All of this means that the more frequently you plug in your devices, the sooner they will stop working.
If possible, avoid unnecessary plugging in and unplugging of your devices.  It’s a computer hardware maintenance tip that will protect your parts’ tips.

Wireless Home Networking 

 

Fix Connectivity Issues

It sounds crazy, but 95 percent of all Internet connectivity problems can be solved by power-cycling both the router and the modem. Turn them both off, and then turn the modem back on first. Once its "sync" or signal light comes on, turn on your router.

Use Encryption

You've probably heard this before, but it bears repeating: Always enable your router's wireless security! Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) encryption is the oldest (and weakest) form of security; the newer (and stronger) Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) and WPA-2 are the best protection available today for home users.

Update Your Router's Firmware

All routers include internal read-only chips with embedded instructions that can be updated by the manufacturer. Router manufacturers generally update a product's firmware to increase performance as well as to resolve bugs and security issues, so it's wise to keep your router's firmware up-to-date. Check the manufacturer's Web site for the latest updates.

Boost Your Wireless Signal

If walls and distance are causing wireless signal degradation, you can do a few things to boost it. Move your router to higher ground—the signal radiates downward. You can also try a signal extender (or repeater), which boosts the signal. Finally, high-gain antennas will work, but they only focus the signal in one direction.

Change Admin Password

Every router has a well-known default password that's used to access the router's browser-based configuration page. Most setup wizards will make you change this password, but not all do. If not, be sure to change it yourself to prevent unwanted hangers-on from changing your network's settings.

Go Back to Factory Settings

If you've lost or forgotten your router's login credentials, you can get around this predicament by resetting the router to its factory settings. Do this by holding down the button on the back of it for 30 seconds. Next, look in the manual for the default user name and password, and then change them on your router's browser-based configuration page.

Disable SSID Broadcast

Unless you disable it, your router broadcasts its service set identifier (SSID)—the name of your network—which allows your neighbors to see (and attempt to gain access to) your network. Instead, disable broadcasting, making the network appear as "SSID not broadcast." Access the unnamed network by typing in the SSID name when prompted.

Change the Default SSID

Change your pre-defined, default SSID—leaving it as "Linksys," for example, tells the world that you haven't configured your router, which invites attackers.

Filter by MAC Address

Every piece of networking gear includes a unique "fingerprint" called a media access control, or MAC, address. You can configure your router to filter connections using these addresses so that only your computers can connect to your network. Most routers will show you connected devices, so adding an adapter's MAC address is a one-click process.

Step Up to 5GHz

The majority of today's networks operate in the crowded 2.4GHz frequency range, which is shared by microwaves, cordless phones, and other home networks. To avoid possible interference, many new routers are capable of broadcasting at 5GHz, which has 23 wide-open channels as opposed to 2.4GHz's three non-overlapping channels.

Limit Your Number of DHCP Clients

Most people use their router as a DHCP server; when clients connect, the router dynamically assigns IP addresses from a large pool of addresses. Limiting that list to the number of clients in your home, however, will help prevent interlopers from hopping onto your network.

Use Your Router's Firewall

Two features make most hardware firewalls more powerful than software firewalls: stateful packet inspection (SPI) and network address translation (NAT). SPI examines packets' content and behavior before granting access, and NAT hides all PCs connected to the router from the Internet, "translating" their IP addresses into private ones that are unreachable from outside the firewall.

Change Your Channel

Wireless B and G (and some N) routers operate at the 2.4GHz frequency, which only has three non-overlapping channels: 1, 6 and 11. By default, your router will most likely be using one of these channels, and the bad news is so your neighbors' routers as well. If you experience dropped connections, sluggish performance or both, a good first step is to switch the channel. If it's set to channel 1, go to 11. If it's set to 6, try either 1 or 11 for best results.

Let Windows Control Your Wireless Networks

If a network adapter's software takes control of your wireless network, it can be difficult to put Windows back in charge. First, click Start, then Run, then type services.msc. Scroll down to Wireless Zero Configuration and start the service. Right-click your wireless connection, select view available networks, and then click advanced settings on the left. Click the wireless networks tab, and check "Use Windows to Configure my wireless network settings."

Disable File Sharing in Public

If you're in a public place with a Net connection, it's a good idea to disable File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks. In the properties of your network adapter, uncheck the appropriate box. It's also a good idea to switch your notebook's wireless radio off if you aren't using it.

Windows most usefull tricks

6 useful Windows tricks

You know that feeling you get when your friends or family see you do something on your computer that they've never seen before? If you’ve had this experience, you know that “world's coolest power-user” feeling. But if you haven’t, start here. Knowledge is power!

Read these six tips for Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP that will keep you schoolin' your friends and family.

1. Don't just maximize your windows—go full screen

When you need a really big window for viewing photos and videos, don't just maximize it: go full screen! This tip works great for viewing photos and videos at maximum size in Windows Explorer or Windows Media Player, utilizing screen space usually occupied by the header at the top of the screen and the taskbar at the bottom. Here’s how:
Open any photo in Windows Explorer, or open a photo or video clip in Windows Media Player. Do one of the following:

• In Windows 7 and Windows XP, click the F11 key at the top of your keyboard.

The photo or video image enlarges to its maximum size and the title bar and taskbar are hidden.

Viewing a photo in Windows Explorer standard view

To undo full-screen mode and restore the window to its normal view, press the Esc (Escape) key at the top of your keyboard

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2. Customize the Navigation pane

You can use the navigation pane (the left pane) to find files and folders and display links to frequently used folders and other items. You can also move or copy items to a destination in the navigation pane.
If you don't see the navigation pane on the left side of an open folder window, click Organize, point to Layout, and then click Navigation pane to display it.

To customize the navigation pane in Windows 7

1. In an open folder or library window, click Organize, and then click Folder and search options.
2. In the Folder Options dialog box, click the General tab, and then do one or both of the following:
   
   • To show all the folders on your computer in the navigation pane, including your personal folder, select the Show all folders check box, click Apply to see the change, and then click OK.
   • To automatically expand the navigation pane to the folder that's selected in the folder window, select the Automatically expand to current folder check box, and then click OK.

Customizing the navigation pane in Windows 7

More ways to customize your favorites in Windows 7

• To add a folder, a saved search, a library, or even a drive as a favorite, drag it to the Favorites section in the navigation pane. Note: You can’t add individual file to Favorites, but you can add them to any folder in Favorites.
• To change the order of favorites, drag a favorite to a new position in the list.
• To restore the default favorites in the navigation pane, right-click Favorites, and then click Restore Favorite Links.
• To view the folder where your favorites are stored, click Favorites in the navigation pane. Favorites are stored as shortcuts.
• To remove a favorite, right-click the favorite, and then click Remove. This removes the favorite from the navigation pane—it doesn't delete the files or folders that the shortcut points to.

The Favorites area of the navigation pane in Windows 7

Add folders and files in Windows Vista

In Windows Vista, you can add folders to Favorite Links in the navigation pane so that you can open them from any folder window at any time. To do this, first open the folder that contains the subfolder you want to add. Then simply drag its icon from the original folder to where you want it in the navigation pane. You can also click Folders at the bottom of the pane and drag a folder from the folder list up into the Favorite Links section of the pane. Note: You can’t add individual files to Favorite Links, but you can add them to any folder in Favorite Links.

Pictures folder in Windows

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3. Pin a program or items to the Windows 7 taskbar

You know what would make a great taskbar? One where you could pin your favorite applications or files so that you could open them quickly from any window at any time. Guess what? You can.
In Windows 7, you can also pin shortcuts for favorite or frequently used files, folders, and websites to the Jump Lists for each of those programs to the taskbar.
Pin a program to the taskbar
To pin a program shortcut to the taskbar, do one of the following:

• If the program is already running, right-click the program's button on the taskbar (or drag the button toward the desktop) to open the program’s Jump List, and then click Pin this program to taskbar.
• Or if the program isn't running, click Start, find the program’s icon, right-click the icon, and then click Pin to Taskbar.
• You can also pin a program by dragging the program's shortcut from the desktop or Start menu to the taskbar.

Pinning a program to the taskbar

Using Jump Lists in Windows 7

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4. Customize the Quick Launch Bar in Windows XP

In Windows XP, the customizable Quick Launch Bar also gives you convenient shortcuts to your favorite programs, folders, and files. The Quick Launch Bar remains accessible from most windows, so it’s a handy way to open the applications and files you use frequently.
If the Quick Launch Bar isn’t already visible to the right of the Start button , you’ll need to turn it on. To do that, right-click an open area of the taskbar. Hover your mouse pointer over Toolbars, then click Quick Launch. The Quick Launch Bar appears on your taskbar.

The Quick Launch Bar on the Windows XP taskbar

To add a program shortcut to the Quick Launch Bar, click the Start button, click All Programs, then click and drag the application you want to the Quick Launch Bar. Release the mouse button and the application’s icon appears in the Quick Launch Bar.
To add a folder or file shortcut to the Quick Launch Bar, open Windows Explorer, navigate to the folder, subfolder, or individual file you want, click and drag the folder or file you want to the Quick Launch Bar. Release the mouse button and the icon for the folder or file appears in the Quick Launch Bar.
To remove a shortcut from the Quick Launch Bar, right-click on the icon in the Quick Launch Bar of the application, folder, or file you want to remove and right-click it, click Delete, and then click Yes when asked if you’re sure you want to delete the shortcut. Note: Although the shortcut is removed from the Quick Launch Bar, the actual application, folder, or file has not been deleted from your computer.

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5. Arrange windows on your desktop

In Windows, you can arrange windows side by side, which can be especially helpful when comparing two documents or when moving files from one place to another. Note: If you’re using a nonstandard setup (such as dual monitors), the tricks below may not work as expected.

Windows 7

1. Drag the title bar of a window to the left or right side of the screen until an outline of the expanded window appears.
2. Release the mouse to expand the window.
3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 with another window to arrange the windows side by side.

To return a window to its original size click the Maximize button in the window’s title bar and the window expands to full size.

The Maximize button

Learn more about managing multiple windows in Windows 7.
Tip: To snap an active window to the side of the desktop by using the keyboard, press Windows logo key +Left Arrow or Windows logo key +Right Arrow.

Viewing windows side by side in Windows

Windows Vista and Windows XP

In Windows Vista and Windows XP, it’s easy to display any two (or more) windows side by side on the desktop, all equally sized. Press and hold the Ctrl key and click two or more of the window buttons on the taskbar that you want to open. Release the Ctrl key, right-click, and then do one of the following:

• Windows Vista users, click Show Windows Side by Side.

Windows Vista, Show Windows Side by Side command.

Windows XP, Tile Vertically command.

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6. Organize your files into groups

Windows offers a variety of options for organizing folders and files in the ways that work best for you.

Windows 7

The easiest and most effective way to organize your stuff in Windows 7 is to use file arrangements in your libraries.
You can arrange files in the Documents library by author, for example, or you can arrange the Music library by artist if you're looking for an album or song by a particular band.
To arrange a library

1. In the taskbar, click the Windows Explorer button .
2. In the navigation pane (the left pane), click a library (such as Music).
3. In the library pane (above the file list), click the Arrange by menu, and then choose a property. For example, in the Music library, you can choose Artist to quickly arrange your music collection by artist.
   
   The "Arrange by" menu
4. When you arrange your files, Windows doesn't just put your files in a different order. Instead, they are presented in a completely different way. The arrangements work differently depending on which one you choose. For example, arranging your pictures by month puts your pictures into stacks, like this:
   
   Files arranged in "stacks"
   Arranging by day puts them into groups, like this:
   
   Files arranged in "groups"
   There are four default libraries in Windows 7, each with its own specific arrangements. You can also create new libraries and choose which arrangements are available for them.
   For more information about libraries.

Windows Vista

Open a folder that contains several different subfolders and file types. Right-click any empty space on the window's contents pane, point to Group By, and then click your grouping choice.

Windows Vista Group by command.

Windows XP

Open a folder that contains several different subfolders and file types. Right-click any empty space on the window's contents pane, point to Arrange Icons By, and then click Show in Groups. To arrange the window's contents, right-click again in any empty space on the window's contents pane, point to Arrange Icons By, and click Name, Size, Type, or Modified (the choices may vary depending on the contents).

Windows XP Arrange icons by command.

Computer Operating System in Pen Drive

Save your computer with A pen drive

We've been doing a series on the humble USB pen drive these last few weeks and it's and capable of  more than just storing data. Today you'll now how to bring your computer back from hell with a USB drive.

Scenario-
 Your computer is completly infected with virus and malware that you can't even run an antivirus software. In simples steps, Do the following:-

Step 1: Install UNetBootIn-which allows an OS to be installed on a external. UNetBootIn Software Download Here

Step 2: Install Ubuntu OS on the USB drive.

Step 3: If computer crashes, boot up the UBUNTU OS, and run UBUNTU based antivirus software scans to clean the computer.
         
                 If you do this, the viruses will be unable to do anything to stop you, bacause viruses are OS specific and mostly designed to work on windows, and UBUNTU is impervious to all that.